Tongue of Laughing Dove (Stigmatopelia senegalensis): Histochemical and Ultrastructural Characteristics

The Laughing Dove belongs to the family columbidae, genus spilopelia, and is found to reside in Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. These birds feed on seeds, grasses, other vegetable matter and small ground insects such as termites and beetles. All birds adapt to their different environments with respect to food sources. Reflecting their different lifestyles, birds have different feeding habits, with corresponding differences in the structures of their tongues with the shape and structure of the tongue differing according to the type of food and method of food intake. Macroscopically, the tongue is triangular and elongated in many birds and three parts of the tongue may be distinguished: apex, body and root. The body and the root of the tongue are demarcated externally by a single or double crest of mechanical conical papillae. Morphological and functional study of various avian species indicated a close relationship between the histological structure of the tongue with the feeding habits of the particular bird species.